外国籍非军用船舶通过琼州海峡管理规则(附英文)
国务院
外国籍非军用船舶通过琼州海峡管理规则(附英文)
1964年6月8日，国务院
第一条 根据《中华人民共和国政府关于领海的声明》，琼州海峡是中国的内海，一切外国籍军用船舶不得通过，一切外国籍非军用船舶如需通过，必须按照本规则的规定申请批准。
第二条 为便利对琼州海峡进行管理，设“中华人民共和国琼州海峡管理处”（以下简称琼州海峡管理处）。
本规则由琼州海峡管理处监督执行。
第三条 琼州海峡管理处对琼州海峡管理的区域（以下简称管理区）暂定如下：木栏头灯桩（约北纬20度09分37秒、东经110度41分）与生狗吼沙灯桩（约北纬20度26分、东经110度30分22秒）联线（简称东线）以西，▲尾角灯桩（约北纬20度13分30秒、东经109度55分30秒）与临高角灯桩（约北纬20度00分22秒、东经109度42分06秒）联线（简称西线）以东的水域。
第四条 外国籍非军用船舶如需通过琼州海峡，必须办理以下手续：
（一）在进入管理区四十八小时以前或在开出港启航以前，将船名、国籍、总吨、航速、船身颜色、烟囱标志以及何日、何时由何地开往何处等情况，详细电报琼州海峡管理处，请求过峡。
（二）接到批准过峡的通知后，应在进入管理区二十四小时以前或在开出港启航后二小时内，向琼州海峡管理处确报进入管理区的时间。
以上请求过峡和批准过峡等的来往电报，均由中国外轮代理公司海口分公司代转。
第五条 琼州海峡管理处对于已经批准通过海峡的外国籍非军用船舶，认为必要时，可以临时通知禁止通过。
第六条 外国籍非军用船舶通过管理区的时间，一律以白天为限，均应在日出后进入管理区，日落前全部通过管理区。琼州海峡管理处根据申请过峡外国籍非军用船舶的航速，核准其进出海峡的具体时间。
第七条 外国籍非军用船舶进出琼州海峡一律走中水道，但经琼州海峡管理处特别许可的不在此限。
第八条 外国籍非军用船舶通过管理区时，应在下列规定的航区范围内航行：自东线距木栏头灯桩四海里处至西线距临高角灯桩四海里处联线以北，自东线距木栏头灯桩六海里处至排尾角灯桩正南四海里处继至西线距临高角灯桩十四海里处联线以南的水域。
第九条 外国籍非军用船舶通过琼州海峡，必须严格按照所报时间及规定的航区通行。在进入管理区和在管理区通行时，如见有从岸上或舰艇上发出的信号，应立即回答并无条件地执行信号要求。由于不遵守上述规定而发生的后果概由船方自行负责。
第十条 外国籍非军用船舶通过琼州海峡时，不得使用雷达。如在航行中遇浓雾、暴雨等视线恶劣的情况，需要使用雷达时，应向琼州海峡管理处提出报告，说明理由以及当时的船位、航速等，经批准后方准使用。如当时情况紧急，危及船舶航行安全时，可以一面申报一面使用，并在事后，将使用起迄时间和经过情况详细报告琼州海峡管理处备案。
第十一条 外国籍非军用船舶通过琼州海峡时，不准进行照像、测量以及其他违反中华人民共和国法令的行为。
第十二条 外国籍非军用船舶违反本规则，按下列规定处理：
（一）在未进入管理区之前，可以命令其停止进入管理区，由原路返航绕海南岛航行，或者俟其办妥过峡手续并经批准后，再行过峡。
（二）如果已经进入管理区，可以命令其停航并监送至海口港进行检查，根据检查情况给予处分。在处理后，视情况可以准其通过管理区，或令其退出管理区，直到押送其退出海峡。
RULES FOR THE CONTROL OF NON-MILITARY VESSELS OF FOREIGN NATIO-NALITY PASSING THROUGH THE QIONGZHOU STRAIT
Important Notice: (注意事项)
英文本源自中华人民共和国务院法制局编译, 中国法制出版社出版的《中华人民
共和国涉外法规汇编》(1991年7月版).
当发生歧意时, 应以法律法规颁布单位发布的中文原文为准.
This English document is coming from the "LAWS AND REGULATIONS OF THE
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA GOVERNING FOREIGN-RELATED MATTERS" (1991.7)
which is compiled by the Brueau of Legislative Affairs of the State
Council of the People's Republic of China, and is published by the China
Legal System Publishing House.
In case of discrepancy, the original version in Chinese shall prevail.
Whole Document (法规全文)
RULES FOR THE CONTROL OF NON-MILITARY VESSELS OF FOREIGN NATIO-
NALITY PASSING THROUGH THE QIONGZHOU STRAIT
(Promulgated by the State Council on June 8, 1964)
Article 1
According to the Declaration of the Government of the People's Republic of
China concerning the Territorial Waters, the Qiongzhou Strait is an inland
sea of China, which is closed to all military vessels of foreign
nationality. Non-military vessels of foreign nationality to pass through
the Strait must be subject to an application for approval according to the
provisions of these Rules.
Article 2
The Qiongzhou Strait Administrative Office of the People's Republic of
China (hereinafter referred to as "the Qiongzhou Strait Administrative
Office") shall be set up to facilitate the administration of the Qiongzhou
Strait.
These Rules shall be implemented under the supervision of the Qiongzhou
Strait Administrative Office.
Article 3
The area under the administration of the Qiongzhou Strait Administrative
Office with respect to the Qiongzhou Strait (hereinafter referred to as
the administrative area) is tentatively delimited as follows: the water
area west of the line (the east line for short) linking the Mulantou Lamp
Stake (approximately north latitude 20x09'37", east longitude 110x41') and
the Shenggouhousha Lamp Stake (approximately north latitude 20x26', east
longitude 110x31'22") and east of the line (the west line for short)
linking the Jiaoweijiao Lamp Stake (approximately north latitude 20x13'30"
, east longitude 109x55'30") and the Lingaojiao Lamp Stake (approximately
north latitude 20x00'22", east longitude 109x42'06").
Article 4
Non-military vessels of foreign nationality that need to pass through the
Qiongzhou Strait must go through the following formalities:
(1) Report in detail by telegram such information as the ship's name,
nationality, gross tonnage, speed, hull colour, funnel marks, date and
time and port of departure, port of destination, etc. to the Qiongzhou
Strait Administrative Office and ask for permission to pass through the
Strait 48 hours before entering the administrative area or before leaving
the port of departure.
(2) Report accurately, after receiving the notice of approval for passing
through the Strait, the time of entering the administrative area to the
Qiongzhou Strait Administrative Office 24 hours before entering the
administrative area, or within 2 hours of weighing anchor at the port of
departure.
The above-mentioned telegrams concerning request and approval for passing
through the Strait shall all be conveyed through the Haikou Branch of the
China Ocean-shipping Agency Corporation.
Article 5
When deemed necessary, the Qiongzhou Strait Administrative Office may send
a summary notice to forbid a non-military vessel of foreign nationality
which has obtained the approval to pass through the Strait.
Article 6 [*1]
All non-military vessels of foreign nationality to pass through the
administrative area shall do so without exception within daytime. All of
them must enter the administrative area after sunrise and leave it before
sunset. The Qiongzhou Strait Administrative Office shall check and approve
the exact time for entering and leaving the Strait according to the speed
of the non-military vessels of foreign nationality which have applied to
pass through the Strait.
Article 7
Except those which have obtained special permission from the Qiongzhou
Strait Administrative Office, all non-military vessels of foreign
nationality entering and leaving the Qiongzhou Strait must use the middle
water course.
Article 8
Non-military vessels of foreign nationality passing through the
administrative area shall navigate in the following prescribed area: north
of the line linking the point on the east four nautical miles from the
Mulantou Lamp Stake and the point on the west four nautical miles from the
Lingaojiao Lamp Stake, and south of the line linking the point on the east
six nautical miles from the Mulantou Lamp Stake and the point four
nautical miles due south of the Paiweijiao Lamp Stake and then the point
on the west 14 nautical miles from the Lingaojiao Lamp Stake.
Article 9
Non-military vessels of foreign nationality to pass through the Qiongzhou
Strait must do so in strict accordance with the reported time and the
prescribed area. If they see any signals sent from ashore or naval vessels
while they are navigating into or within the administrative area, they
shall give an immediate reply and unconditionally carry out the
instructions conveyed by the signals. Any consequences arising from
failure to observe the above-mentioned stipulations shall be borne by the
vessels themselves.
Article 10
Non-military vessels of foreign nationality passing through the Qiongzhou
Strait shall not use radars. If it is necessary to use the radar in case
of dense fog, rainstorm, or other bad conditions affecting visibility, the
vessels shall report to the Qiongzhou Strait Administrative Office to
explain the necessity and report their positions, speeds and other
information. They may use the radar only after obtaining permission. In
case of an emergency endangering navigational safety of the vessels, they
may use the radar while making the reports; and after the emergency, the
vessels shall make a detailed report concerning the length of time for
using the radar and the whole course of the incident to the Qiongzhou
Strait Administrative Office for the record.
Article 11
Photographs, surveys or other activities violating the relevant laws and
regulations of the People's Republic of China are forbidden when non-
military vessels of foreign nationality pass through the Qiongzhou Strait.
Article 12
Where non-military vessels of foreign nationality violate these Rules, the
cases shall be dealt with as prescribed below:
(1) Those vessels that have not yet entered the administrative area may be
ordered not to enter but to go back by the original route and navigate
round the Hainan Island; or they may be ordered to go through the
necessary formalities for approval before passing through the Strait.
(2) Those vessels that have entered the administrative area may be ordered
to stop navigation and taken to the Haikou Harbour for inspection, the
result of which shall determine the penalty to be given. The Qiongzhou
Strait Administrative Office may then, depending on circumstances, allow
the vessels to pass through the administrative area, or order them to go
back, or even send them under escort out of the Strait.
Note:
[*1] On April 17, 1985, upon approval of the State Council and the Central
Military Commission, this Article was amended as follows: "Non-military
vessels of foreign nationality may pass through the Strait upon receiving
notice of approval, but their speed may not exceed 10 knots when they are
navigating into and within the administrative area." - The Editor.
关于规范旧机动车鉴定评估工作的通知
国家经贸委 劳动部
国家经济贸易委员会
文 件
劳动和社会保障部
国经贸贸易[2002]825号
关于规范旧机导ㄆ拦拦ぷ鞯耐ㄖ?
各省、自治区、直辖市、计划单列市及新疆生产建设兵团经贸委（经委）、劳动保障厅（局），有关地方商委（行业办）：
鉴定评估是旧机动车流通的重要环节，直接关系到能否保证旧机动车公平、公正交易，维护消费者权益，防止税收和国有资产流失。自1999年劳动保障部推行旧机动车鉴定估价师职业资格证书以来，我国已有数千人取得了旧机动车鉴定估价师资格。大多数鉴定估价师能遵纪守法，遵守职业道德，依照法律、法规及有关文件的规定，做好旧机动车的鉴定估价工作，但也有少数鉴定评估人员违背职业道德，随意评估，甚至故意隐瞒车辆隐患。为做好旧机动车鉴定评估管理工作，规范旧机动车鉴定评估行为，提高旧机动车鉴定评估人员的职业素质，维护旧机动车购销双方的权益，现将有关事项通知如下：
一、实行旧机动车鉴定估价师职业资格和就业准入制度。从事旧机动车鉴定评估工作的人员，必须取得劳动保障部颁发的旧机动车鉴定估价师职业资格证书。没有取得职业资格证书的人员，不得从事旧机动车鉴定评估工作。各地劳动保障部门要加强对旧机动车鉴定估价师就业准入管理工作，与经贸部门密切配合，积极推进旧机动车鉴定评估从业人员持证上岗制度。
旧机动车鉴定估价师职业资格分为鉴定估价师和高级鉴定估价师两个等级，其考核颁证工作实行全国统一标准、统一教材、统一命题、统一考核和统一证书。劳动保障部与国家经贸委共同负责全国旧机动车鉴定估价师职业资格制度的政策制定、组织协调和监督管理，并委托劳动保障部职业技能鉴定中心和中国汽车流通协会具体组织实施。
二、旧机动车鉴定估价师实行注册登记管理制度。中国汽车流通协会负责对旧机动车鉴定估价师职业资格的注册登记，拟定《旧机动车鉴定估价师注册登记管理办法》，经国家经贸委和劳动保障部批准后，组织实施。凡在执业过程中有违规操作行为的旧机动车鉴定估价师不予以注册登记。未经注册登记的旧机动车鉴定估价师不得执业。
三、旧机动车鉴定估价师必须严格执行国家法律法规，遵守职业道德规范，服从各地经贸部门和劳动保障部门的指导和管理。旧机动车鉴定评估实行有偿服务，明码标价，亮证收费，收费标准按国家有关规定执行。旧机动车鉴定估价师要对其出具的鉴定评估报告的真实性、客观性、合法性负责，并承担相应的经济和法律责任。
四、严格规范旧机动车鉴定评估程序。旧机动车鉴定评估工作要严格按照申请、验证、技术鉴定、评估和出具鉴定评估报告书五个程序组织和实施。旧机动车鉴定评估报告书必须按照规范文本出具，报告书分为正文和附件两部分，具体格式见附件。
五、建立旧机动车鉴定评估报告档案管理制度。评估报告档案是管理部门对旧机动车交易市场或鉴定评估机构组织管理水平、评估人员的业务能力及评估质量进行评价的重要依据。旧机动车交易市场或鉴定评估机构应由专人负责管理旧机动车鉴定评估报告书，形成完整的评估档案。评估档案应保留到评估车辆达到法定报废年限为止。
六、切实做好旧机动车鉴定评估管理工作。各地经贸部门要结合旧机动车流通行业管理工作，加强旧机动车鉴定评估工作和旧机动车鉴定估价师的管理。督促和检查旧机动车交易市场、旧机动车鉴定评估机构和旧机动车鉴定估价师按照本通知要求做好旧机动车鉴定评估工作。对随意简化鉴定评估程序，违背独立性、公正性、客观性、真实性原则的，省级经贸部门应当依法查处；情节严重的，应按管理权限取消旧机动车交易市场或鉴定评估机构的经营资格，并建议劳动保障部门收回旧机动车鉴定估价师的职业资格证书。
七、开展专业旧机动车鉴定评估机构与旧机动车交易市场分离试点。省级经贸部门可以结合本地实际情况，批准有条件的地级以上城市设立2-3家独立的专业旧机动车鉴定评估机构，使旧机动车鉴定评估机构与旧机动车交易市场分离，以保证鉴定评估工作的公正、客观和独立性。旧机动车鉴定评估机构至少有1名注册旧机动车高级鉴定估价师和5名注册旧机动车鉴定估价师，其设立要符合国家法律法规和省级经贸部门规定的条件，并持省级经贸部门的批准文件到当地工商行政管理部门办理注册登记。
附件：旧机动车鉴定评估报告书（示范文本）
国家经济贸易委员会
劳动和社会保障部
二○○二年十一月五日
